TAJIKISTAN
Society
Society
Society
State structure
According to the Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan, the Government is the executive body of the Republic headed by the head of government, the President of the country.
The Government is formed by the Prime Minister and other ministers, deputies and chairmen of the state commissions.
The Government aims to provide leadership in the economic, social and spiritual fields and supervises the implementation of the law, decisions of the Parliament and the orders and decrees of the President of Tajikistan.
The President's deputy in a province, city or district carries out local authority.
The autonomous province of Gorno Badakhshan (GBAO) is an integral and constitutional part of the Republic of Tajikistan. For the current political situation see the chapter history.
Economy
Tajikistan is the poorest country of the former Soviet Union. The civil war of 1992-1997 badly damaged the already weak economic infrastructure and caused a sharp decline in industrial and agricultural production. Due to a lack of employment opportunities in Tajikistan, more than one million Tajik citizens work abroad, about 90% of them in Russia. They support their families in Tajikistan by sending money. Less than 7% of the land area is arable and cotton is the main crop. Until 2008, cotton production was closely controlled by the government. In 2008, Tajikistan passed a new law allowing farmers to decide which crops to grow. This has resulted in a gradual decrease in the proportion of cotton. Tajikistan imports about 60% of its food, most of which comes in by rail. In 2013, the Tajik government signed an agreement to import one million tonnes of fuel and oil each year from Russia at reduced prices. Tajikistan's economic situation remains fragile due to weak implementation of structural reforms, corruption, weak governance, seasonal energy shortages and a large foreign debt burden.
Important foreign exchange earnings are the export of cotton and aluminium, and to a more limited extent silver, gold, uranium and tungsten. The total value of exports was $873 million in 2017. Turkey, Russia and China are Tajikstan's biggest buyers. Imported are oil, machinery and aluminium oxide. The total value of imports was $2.4 billion in 2017. Russia Kazakhstan and China are the main import partners.
Economic growth in 2017 was 7.1% and GDP was $3,200 per capita.
Sources
Wikipedia
Elmar Landeninformatie
CIA - World Factbook
BBC - Country Profiles
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